According to abbreviationfinder, Munich is the capital of Bavaria, on the Isar, with (2019) 1.5 million residents, the third largest city in Germany.
Independent city and administrative seat of the district of Munich and the administrative district of Upper Bavaria. The urban region (planning region) Munich consists of Munich and eight surrounding districts with 185 municipalities (2.9 million residents).
Munich is 530 m above sea level on the flat gravel plain, which gently slopes down from the moraines of the Ice Age Würm Glacier in the south against the loess-covered tertiary hill country in the north, where the Isar emerges from its narrow valley into the expanse of the Erdinger Mooses. More than the geographic location, however, historical events caused Munich’s rise. After the Second World War, Munich became one of the fastest growing cities in Germany. It owes its attraction not only to its economic rise but also to its intellectual atmosphere, in which the preservation of old tradition and urgent progress have their place, its cultural life, its gastronomy and the charming surroundings. According to estimates, around a third of Munich residents were born, 27.
Administrative and cultural institutions
Munich is the seat of the Archbishop of Munich and Freising. The Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich was created in 1472 by Duke Ludwig IX, the rich, of Bavaria-Landshut on the basis of a papal bull from 1459 as a high school in Ingolstadt; In 1510 J. Eck was appointed; 1556–1772 under strong Jesuit influence, stronghold of the Counter Reformation; In 1800 the university was relocated to Landshut under Elector Maximilian IV (was named Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in 1802) and in 1826 by King Ludwig I to Munich. The university, like the Technical University of Munich, is one of the groups through the Excellence Initiative excellent universities.
Other educational institutions are: University of the Federal Armed Forces (in Neubiberg), University of Politics, University of Applied Sciences Munich, University of Music and Theater, Academy of Fine Arts, Bavarian Theater Academy, Academy of German Media, drama schools, Catholic foundation college (for social professions), German journalism school, university for television and film, private universities of applied sciences such as the International School of Management ([ISM] officially recognized; location Munich), university for the public service in Bavaria, administration and business academy, among others Technical academies, technical schools (including the master school for fashion).
Munich is the seat of the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science e. V., the Fraunhofer Society for the Promotion of Applied Research e. V. and the Goethe Institute as well as the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts and others. scientific societies, the European Patent Office and various federal authorities and institutions (German Patent and Trademark Office, Federal Patent Court, Federal Fiscal Court); Higher Regional Court, Bavarian Constitutional Court, Bavarian Administrative Court, Bavarian Regional Social Court and others.
Important cultural institutions are the numerous museums (including the Bavarian State Painting Collections in the Alte and Neue Pinakothek as well as the Pinakothek der Moderne [including graphics, design and collections on architecture], Brandhorst Museum, Bavarian National Museum, German Museum, State Museum of Egyptian Art, Bavarian State Collection for Paleontology and Geology, Museum of Five Continents [Ethnology], City Museum, Glyptothek, Collection of Antiquities, Alpine Museum, Jewish Museum); Bavarian State Library i.a. Libraries; German Book Archive Munich; Bavarian State Opera, Bavarian State Theater, numerous theaters; Bavarian radio, several private radio and television companies, film studios; Botanical Garden, Hellabrunn Zoo, Daglfing Racecourse.
The highlights of the events taking place in Munich are the Opera Festival (since 1875 Summer Festival), the Palace Concerts and the Munich Film Festival (since 1983).
Economy
Munich is one of the most important business locations in Germany. In 2017, there were 850 400 employees subject to social security contributions in Munich. The Munich economic area is the second largest employment location in Germany after Berlin. The unemployment rate in Munich was 4.1% in 2017 and is the lowest of all major German cities. The predominant economic sectors in Munich are the manufacturing industry, in particular with the areas of electrical engineering as well as machine and vehicle construction, and the service industry, in which around 84% of all employees work. In the service sector, business-related and financial services predominate. Munich is an important banking center (stock exchange) and an international location for the insurance industry with numerous primary and reinsurance companies based here. Munich is also of great importance as a location for information and communication and as a location for the media industry. Numerous publishers and printing houses are located in the city, whereby the area of multimedia and electronic media has become increasingly important in recent years.
With 15.7 million overnight stays in 2017, Munich, together with Hamburg, ranks second behind Berlin in Germany. In addition to congresses and trade fairs, the Oktoberfest plays a major role (2017: 6.2 million visitors). A total of around € 7.5 billion in sales were generated by tourism. The center of the retail trade is the old town, which has been transformed into a pedestrian zone, on the left bank of the Isar between Marienplatz, Karlsplatz and Hofgarten. The completion of new, high-quality retail space (e.g. Fünf Höfe, architects: Herzog & de Meuron as well as Hilmer and Sattler) made the city center even more attractive.
