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Peru Agriculture and Fishing Overview
Peru Facts
Peru is known for its incredible
archaeological heritage. The land is full of Inca treasures and
new discoveries are still being made. On the way to Peru, one
must see at least Machu Picchu, the lost city of the Incas.
Capital: Lima
Official language: Spanish
Currency: Peruvian Nuevo sol
Passport and visa: Finns do not need a
Peruvian visa if they are in the
country for less than 180 days. Passport must
be valid after 6 months of travel.
Time difference to Finland: In summer: - 8
hours In winter: - 7 hours
Agriculture and fishing
The arable land amounts to only a few percent
of the land area. New agricultural land is conquered
mainly in the rainforest and through increased
irrigation on the coast. In the mountainous regions the
soils are often meager, and large areas at high
altitudes can only be used as pastures for sheep, llamas
and alpacas.
- CountryAAH:
Comprehensive import regulations of Peru. Covers import prohibitions and special documentation requirements for a list of prohibited items.
Traditional export crops from coastal agriculture,
such as cotton and sugar, are still important but have
been partially replaced by profitable cultivation of a
variety of fruits and vegetables, including asparagus,
peppers, mangoes and citrus fruits.
Modern export-oriented agriculture on the coast is in
stark contrast to the small-scale agriculture carried
out by small farmers in the Andes valleys. In addition
to livestock management, maize, potatoes, barley and
wheat are grown here primarily for their own
consumption. The subtropical climate on the eastern
slope of the Andes is suitable for growing coffee, tea
and cabbage leaves.
In the rain forest, cassava, rice, bananas, oranges,
tea and cocoa are grown. Coffee, the most important
export crop after asparagus, has long been grown in
parts of the Amazon. Natural rubber and palm oil are
also extracted in the rain forest. For Peru defense and
foreign policy, please check
themotorcyclers.

Coca cultivation
Since ancient times, cookware has been used as a
stimulant by the locals. Tea on cookie leaves is
considered to help against both hunger and cold. In the
1970s, coca leaves began to be used to produce the drug
cocaine that was fashionable in Europe and the United
States.
Peru is the world's second largest producer of cooks
and for a couple of years was around 2012 even at the
top, before Colombia. Cocoa cultivation for domestic use
is permitted in some areas but most of the cultivation
that occurs is illegal. The cultivation occurs mainly in
the upper Huallaga valley in central Peru and in the
south-east in an area called Vraem (an abbreviation
interpreted as Valle de los Ríos Apurímac, Ene y
Mantaro or Dalgången on the rivers Apurímac, Ene
and Mantaro). rivers included). (See also Modern
History.)
The illegal activity is being fought by the
authorities who destroy the crops and try to encourage
the farmers to switch to other crops. But the high
prices of boil make farmers difficult to persuade, and
when a cultivation is destroyed it is often replaced by
a new one in a more difficult to access area.
In addition, garbage from the guerrilla Sendero
Luminoso still mixes in the game and offers the cooks
farmers protection, mainly in Vraem. In the areas where
the cook is grown, Colombian producers have also
established themselves since being driven away from
Colombia. The trade itself is handled by, among other
Mexican drug cartels.
Forestry
About half of the land area consists of forests that
become denser the farther east you come. To the
northeast lies part of the Amazon basin and its rich
rainforest. In parts of the rainforest, new cultivation
projects and road construction are under way, an
exploitation criticized by environmental groups.
Cedar, mahogany and oak are felled, but official
forestry is not a major industry. Some of the wood used
for domestic use must be imported. However, large
quantities of forests are harvested illegally and are
sold to the furniture industry in the USA.
Fishing
The sea off the coast of Peru is usually very rich in
fish, due to the cold Humboldt stream that favors the
growth of plankton. The most important catch is
anchovetan (Peruvian anchovy) which is ground into
fishmeal, which is used mainly in animal feed.
Peru was one of the world's largest fishing nations
in the early 1990s, but over-fishing for many years and
the weather phenomenon of El Niño (see Geography and
climate) threatened the populations of anchoveta.
Nowadays fishing is limited by quotas, and the fishing
industry has invested more in sardines, shrimp and
cultivated mackerel. Thus, the anchovetane has partially
recovered.
FACTS - AGRICULTURE
Agriculture's share of GDP
6.7 percent (2017)
Percentage of land used for agriculture
18.5 percent (2016)
2013
December
President's wife becomes party leader
President Humala's wife Nadine Heredia takes over as party leader of the
Nationalist Party, which intensifies speculation that she is aiming to succeed
her husband in 2016. Heredia herself denies all such plans. The opposition is
critical and believes that a president's wife should not have such a prominent
political role.
Oil companies can be partially privatized
An energy reform adopted by Parliament means that 49 percent of the state oil
company Petroperú can be sold to private stakeholders. 5 percent should be
offered to the public.
Guerrilla conductor is arrested
Security forces seize the new Sendero Luminoso leader in the upper Huallaga
Valley, Alexander Dimas Fabián Huamán ("Camarada Héctor"). He is said to have
tried to rebuild the guerrillas in the area.
November
The government survives distrust
The government manages a distrustful vote with a good margin. Chief Minister
Villanueva is then mandated to create a body to monitor the government in order
to curb corruption.
Ministers and several others may go after disclosure
President Humala dismisses Interior Minister Wilfredo Pedraza as well as an
adviser on security and defense issues after it was revealed that the police
provided protection to a close associate of Vladimiro Montesinos, spy chief
under Alberto Fujimori's rule in the 1990s. Montesinos is in prison convicted of
corruption, and the person who received police protection is convicted of
interference. The scandal also forces six senior police officers to leave their
posts.
October
Another new Chief Minister
President Humala dismisses Chief Minister Jiménez who has been heavily
criticized and is considered to have contributed to the government's weak
figures of opinion. César Villanueva, who is appointed as successor, becomes the
fourth chief minister during Humala's more than two years in power.
September
Continued protests against employment conditions
Strikes are taking place in several parts of the country in protest of the
government's labor market policy. The manifestations are particularly aimed at
the law that was adopted in July and which is considered to reduce job security.
July
High appointments are canceled
Withdraws a number of appointments of senior civil servants following
widespread protests against the partitioning of services by the political
parties and appointing persons without sufficient qualifications; The
appointments of six judges in the Supreme Court, three executives at the central
bank and a chief of the Ombudsman are canceled.
Changed labor law triggers protests
A law is passed which means that civil servants and university teachers must
be evaluated once a year to increase the quality of their services and to enable
the state to dispose of incompetent employees. Critics believe that the law
means restricted union rights. Demonstrations against the law are being held in
several quarters and degenerates in Lima in clashes with the police.
June
New left front towards Humala
Six left parties dissatisfied with President Humala's policies form the
Alliance Broad Patriotic Front (Frente Amplio Patriótico, FAP). They criticize
Humala for not being radical enough.
May
The Foreign Minister is allowed to go
Foreign Minister Rafael Roncagliolo resigns, officially for health reasons.
The opposition claims that a statement following the disputed election in
Venezuela is behind the resignation. Roncagliolo urged President Nicolás Maduro
to open for "dialogue, tolerance and mutual respect", which led Maduro to the
ceiling. He threatened to call his ambassador and said that Roncagliogo had made
the mistake of his life. Humala appoints Justice Minister Eda Rivas as new
foreign minister, which means that Peru has a woman in office for the first
time.
February
Consultation with indigenous peoples on oil recovery
The authorities are launching a consultation process with local Indian groups
on a project to extract oil in the Loreto region. This is the first time the law
on consultation with indigenous peoples has been applied since it was adopted in
September 2011.
January
New Commission Against Corruption
President Humala installs a new body to fight corruption. The new Commission
will have a heavy composition with the President of Parliament, several
ministers and a number of high judges.
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