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Sole Proprietorships
A sole proprietorship is an unincorporated
business that is owned by one individual. It is
the simplest form of business organization to
start and maintain. The business has no existence
apart from you, the owner. Its liabilities are
your personal liabilities. You undertake the risks
of the business for all assets owned, whether used
in the business or personally owned. You include
the income and expenses of the business on your
own tax return.
Sole proprietorship means that one person independently owns and
operates an unincorporated business for profit. The business is considered
an extension of the owner rather than as a separate legal entity. For tax
purposes, the business profit or loss is combined with other owner income
sources.
Advantages:
- Simplest form of ownership to establish and operate
- One owner
- Owner has complete control over management decisions and policies
- Use of all profits at the discretion of the owner
- Limited paperwork to state and federal agencies
- All losses are incurred by the owner (owner’s income directly
linked to success/failure of business)
Disadvantages
- All management decisions—staffing, policies, problems—must be
handled by owner
- Owner personally liable for all debts, taxes, and claims incurred
by the business
- May be difficult to raise capital (i.e., will depend on owner’s
credit history)
- Continuity of business disrupted by owner death or disability
- Combined with other income sources, profits taxed at owner’s
individual tax rate
If you are a sole proprietor use the information in the chart below to
help you determine some of the forms that you may be required to file.
| If you are a sole proprietor
then you may be liable for... |
Use Form... |
| Income Tax |
1040 and
Schedule C
or C-EZ (
Schedule F
for farm business) |
| Self-employment tax |
1040 and
Schedule SE |
| Estimated tax |
1040-ES
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Employment taxes:
- Social security and Medicare taxes and income tax
withholding
- Federal unemployment (FUTA) tax
- Depositing employment taxes
|
941 (
943 for farm
employees) 940
or 940-EZ
8109 |
| Excise Taxes |
Refer to the
Excise Tax web page |
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